Challenges of Information and Communication Technology Application in Executing Ward Executive Officers' Functions in Mbulu Town Council, Tanzania

Abstract

The study investigated challenges to the effective application of Information and Communication
Technologies in the execution of the functions of Ward Executive Officers in Mbulu Town Council,
Manyara Region, Tanzania. Despite the installation of information and communication technology
facilities in ward offices, their use in daily administrative and governance activities remains limited,
prompting the need to understand the underlying barriers. A qualitative approach was adopted, using an
exploratory case study design. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 17
purposively selected Ward Executive Officers. Secondary data were obtained by reviewing relevant
institutional documents, including the council's information and communication technology policy,
procurement reports, and operational records. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The
findings show that the applicability of information and communication technology in ward-level
governance is significantly constrained by multiple interrelated challenges. Major barriers include
unreliable power supply, limited information and communication technology knowledge and skills, lack of
preventive maintenance, low willingness to adopt technology, and severe budget constraints. Additional
issues, such as resistance to change, inadequate infrastructure, and limited ICT literacy, further hinder
effective implementation. Although information and communication technology have the potential to
enhance efficiency, service delivery, and citizen engagement, these obstacles continue to undermine its
benefits. The study concludes that overcoming these challenges requires collaborative, multi-stakeholder
efforts among central and local government agencies, information and communication technology
training institutions, development partners, non-government organizations, and the ward executive
officers themselves. It recommends implementing comprehensive, continuous training programs,
improving information and communication technology infrastructure (especially reliable power),
establishing maintenance systems, and ensuring consistent budget allocation for digital initiatives.
Addressing these barriers is essential to unlocking the full potential of information and communication
technology and advancing effective, transparent, and inclusive local governance in Tanzania.