All authors must have materially participated in the research and/or article preparation. The statement that all authors have approved the final article must be clearly stated and should be true and included in the disclosure.

Authors are required to include a statement of responsibility in the manuscript that specifies the contribution of every author. The level of detail varies; some disciplines produce manuscripts that comprise discrete efforts readily articulated in detail, whereas other fields operate as group efforts at all stages.

  • All the work reported in the manuscript must be original and free from any kind of plagiarism.
  • The work should not have been published elsewhere or submitted to any other journal(s) at the same time.
  • Any potential conflict of interest must be clearly acknowledged.
  • Proper acknowledgements to other work reported (individual/company/institution) must be given.

Only those who have made any substantial contribution to the interpretation or composition of the submitted work, should be listed as ‘Authors’. While other contributors should be mentioned as ‘co-authors’.